OUR TOWN MY NATIVE TOWN

Transkript

1 OUR TOWN MY NATIVE TOWN Třebíč is a town situated in south-western Moravia. It occupies both banks of the Jihlava River, which flows through the town. Many of us who were born here continue to live here. Every resident of Třebíč should know at least few facts about the town s history. The official origin of Třebíč is considered to be the founding of the Třebíč Convent by the Benedictine Monks in At the head of the monastery was an abbot. The first abbot of the Třebíč monastery was Cuno. In the twelfth century the vicinity of the monastery was settled and cultivation began. Below the monastery a settlement Podklášteří was based. This settlement was concentrated on the right bank, while the Jews settled on the left bank of the Jihlava River. In the thirteenth century the Basilica of St. Prokop was founded. This however is today's name; formerly it was known as the Basilica of the Assumption of the Virgin. It was built between 1240 and 1260 and represents a great medieval work of art. The centre of the building is a square courtyard with an ambulatory all around it. The basilica has three naves. The central nave is closed off by an opside. The end section of the southern nave was destroyed in The naves have a rib vaulting in the shape of a cross. In 1277 the town was founded on the basis of a document, whereby the abbot frees Heřman s house of all taxes. Heřman settled the Třebíč area at the request of the abbot Martin. Třebíč is a liege town. Brno served as the model of the town s privileges. Třebíč used to have three city gates: Jejkov Gate, Jihlava Gate and Vienna Gate. Of the original streets let's name at least Kotlářská and Masné krámy (Butcher s Shops). Between 1420 and 1556 the town served as a support of the Hussite Movement, together with Ivančice. Matthias Corvinus attacked these Hussite towns and Třebíč fell into the hands of the Catholics. In 1430 Prokop the Great conquered the city. In 1435 Třebíč was conquered once more by Albrecht, who restored all the town s privileges. The town s defence system was improved and city walls were built. Třebíč was granted the right to collect taxes on its beer production, as well as other rights. In 1468 Třebíč suffered a catastrophe. The town was conquered and burnt to the ground, with thousands of people finding themselves helpless and without shelter. Town life recovers only after seven years, when the town comes into the hands of Zdeněk of Šternberk. In 1490 it is turned over to Vilém of Pernštejn, who sets up fish ponds, tries to repair the monastery and restores the destroyed villages. The turn of the 15th century is marked by the development of crafts weaving, butchery, baking, etc. The town seal dates to this period. More and more merchants come into town. Under Charles the Elder from Žerotín the town received its Charter. The Charter protected it from troops. In 1628 the Restored Administrative Code is issued, meaning that Catholicism is the sole religion. Many people go into exile. The most important industry in Třebíč has always been the manufacture of textiles production, shoemaking and tannery. After the mid-18th century cloth-making goes into a decline while leather and tanning production develops. Cloth-making declines because of the new manufacturing facilities set up at Linz, which supply the large vicinity. The growth of leather and tanning is closely linked with the Silesian Wars. Clothes, saddles and other leather goods are in high demand. The most prominent of the manufacturing families were the Budišovs, the Lubaks and the Hasseks. During the Napoleonic Wars the town suffered from two disasters at once - a fire and a flood. The town was greatly damaged. Many things have, of course, changed since then. The original rectangular city square has preserved its original aspect from the thirteenth century. Now it's known as Charles Square. This square is one of the largest in our country. In the square we can admire two Renaissance houses - the so-called Black House and Painted House. On the ground floor of Painted House there is a gallery. Frequent exhibitions by painters, graphic artists and others can be seen here. On the first floor of this house there is a ceremonial hall. The Black and the Painted Houses go back to the 17th century. In the centre of the square there is a statue of Cyril and Methodius. On one side of the square fruit, vegetable and flower sellers have their stands. Trees grow around the square. In the autumn the pavements and streets disappear under the cover of fallen leaves.

2 In the square we can find shops where we can buy all necessary goods. People from surrounding villages come to Třebíč to do their shopping. Třebíč is not just a business centre - the downtown area is first of all a centre of culture and education. There are about ten elementary schools in Třebíč. As far as secondary schools, the town offers studies at a Grammar School, a Business Academy, a Secondary Industrial School (Civil and Mechanical Engineering) and Secondary School of Health. We can also choose to attend one of the secondary professional training centres or even a private school. Třebíč used to be a crossroads where different religions met. Today we can even find here Hussite churches from the 17th century. The best known one is St. Martin s Church, which has a tower with a look-out and a clock. The clock's face is the biggest one in the whole country. The tower used to be a part of the city fortifications. In the Basilica the Museum of Western Moravia is currently exhibiting Christmas nativity scenes. Also the moldavite semi-precious stones, found in the town s vicinity, are exhibited here. As we know, Třebíč is a cultural centre for the inhabitants of the surrounding villages as well as for the town s inhabitants themselves. Every day we can go to the cinema - the Morava, the Passage, and an outdoor cinema in the area of the winter stadium. There is as yet no theatre in Třebíč, but one is under construction. People also come to Třebíč to practice sports. There are soccer, basketball and other teams here. Třebíč also has a sports school for volleyball, hockey and moreover an elementary school of athletics. Besides, there is a winter hockey stadium here, a covered pool, many gyms, tennis courts and playgrounds, as well as the Polanka swimming complex. Třebíč is divided in several quarters, such as Nové Dvory, Hájek, Domky and Borovina. Here are new blocks of flats built of prefabricated panels. Some people have built or bought single-family houses here. The town also has a bus and railway stations. People can also use the town's mass transit buses. Several dozens villages and towns belong to the Třebíč district. One of them is Náměšť nad Oslavou, with a beautiful castle of the Counts of Žerotín. Náměšť is a centre for carpet manufacturing. We almost forgot to mention the plants and factories in Třebíč. There's Bopo, a shoe-making factory, Trepon, a manufacturer of high-quality socks, Zon, a producer of healthy and refreshing beverages, UP plants, Uniplet, a dairy and a bakery. The town of Třebíč has its own hospital and many other smaller health facilities. Another town within the Třebíč district is Jaroměřice nad Rokytnou, with a beautiful baroque palace with a garden, including baroque statues. The prominent Czech poet Otakar Březina was born here and later lived here from 1901 to He's buried in the local graveyard. One well-known and very interesting location in the vicinity of Třebíč is Kralice, where the Kralice Bible was printed. I think that the town of Třebíč is unusually beautiful. If I ever move away from here sometime in the future, I will always look forward to coming back. In the place where I was born I will find not only good friends but also memories of what continues to Iive within us. And it's these very memories that will not allow anyone to depart from this town and move away.

3 VOCABULARY HAMLET VILLAGE TOWN CITY CAPITAL METROPOLIS a small village. a small group of houses in the country, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town. a centre of population which is larger than a village and smaller than a city. a large important town; strictly a town created a city by proclamation, on reaching a certain size. the chief city of a country; seat of government. the chief city of a country, usually, but not always the capital; a centre of population, civilization, commerce, etc. inhabit inhabitant occupy reside resident place of residence permanent address residential district/area suburb district, quarter vicinity downtown housing estate block of flats public buildings office blocks skyscraper skyline town council mayor municipal government shopping centrum go window-shopping market place opening hours closing time nightclub snack bar café sweet shop / confectionery open-air-theatre outdoor cinema open-air cinema concert hall funfair gallery stadium winter stadium ice rink barracks cemetery hospital monastery church obývat obyvatel zabírat (místo), rozkládat se trvale bydlet stálý obyvatel trvalé bydliště trvalé bydliště obytná čtvrt předměstí část města, čtvrt okolí střed, centrum města sídliště panelák, činžovní dům veřejné budovy budovy s úřady, kancelářemi mrakodrap silueta městská rada starosta vedení města obchodní centrum prohlížet si výlohy tržiště prodejní doba zavírací hodiny bar, noční podnik bufet kavárna cukrárna amfiteátr letní kino letní kino koncertní síň lunapark, zábavní park galerie stadión zimní stadión kluziště kasárna hřbitov nemocnice klášter kostel

4 chapel cathedral town hall information bureau place of interest observation tower bell main street side street avenue boulevard lane alley blind road row square circus crescent embankment street corner traffic traffic jam rush hour public transport commute season ticket tram trolley-bus coach underground bus station railway station airport school basic school secondary school secondary special school secondary vocational school industry light industry heavy industry building industry canning industry distilling industry engineering industry food industry metallurgical industry mining industry mineral oil industry pharmaceutical industry plastics industry power industry rubber industry shipbuilding textile industry woodworking industry kaple katedrála radnice informační kancelář pamětihodnost vyhlídková věž zvon hlavní ulice vedlejší ulice třída, široká ulice bulvár úzká ulička alej, ulička slepá ulice řada (domů) náměstí kruhové náměstí půlkruhová ulice nábřeží roh ulice doprava dopravní zácpa dopravní špička veřejná doprava dojíždět předplatná jízdenka tramvaj trolejbus dálkový autobus metro autobusové nádraží železniční nádraží letiště škola základní škola střední škola střední odborná škola učiliště průmysl lehký průmysl těžký průmysl stavební průmysl konzervárenský průmysl lihovarnický průmysl strojírenský průmysl potravinářský průmysl hutní průmysl báňský průmysl zpracování ropy farmaceutický průmysl průmysl umělých hmot energetika gumárenský průmysl stavba lodí textilní průmysl dřevařský průmysl

5 enterprise factory cannery bakery dairy distillery ironworks steelworks textile mill brickworks glassworks china works paper mill power station rolling mill saw mill sugar mill oil refinery oil pipeline water works gas works coal brown coal, soft coal black coal, hard coal coalfield coalmine open mine production podnik továrna konzervárna pekárna mlékárna lihovar železárny ocelárny textilní továrna cihelna sklárna porcelánka celulózka, papírna elektrárna válcovna pila cukrovar rafinerie ropy ropovod vodárna plynárna uhlí hnědé uhlí černé uhlí uhelná pánev uhelný důl povrchový důl výroba

6 PICTURE DICTIONARY TOWN 1 * ** *** 1 grocer s shop, grocery 11 department store, 23 Belisha beacon 2 butcher s (shop) supermarket 24 pedestrian 3 baker s shop, bakery 12 newsagent s shop 25 office block 4 café, pub 13 clothes shop, boutique 26 boarding 5 post office fashion house 27 kerb 6 hotel 14 shop window 28 gutter 7 restaurant 15 traffic lights 29 manhole 8 theatre 16 zebra crossing 30 paving stone 9 bank 17 lane 10 railway 18 pavement 19 stall 20 crossroad 21 advertisement poster 22 neon sign

7 TOWN 2 * ** *** 1 street, road 18 letterbox 36 block of flats 2 parking meter 19 taxi rank 3 taxi 20 lamppost 4 call box, phone box, 21 tramline phone booth 22 double-decker 5 streetlamp 23 underground station 6 white line 24 crossing, junction 7 car park 25 park entrance 8 tram 26 litterbin 9 bus stop 27 statue, monument 10 bridge 28 bench 11 church 29 pond 12 museum 30 path 13 castle 31 flowerbed 14 park 32 playground, play area 15 gate 33 slide 16 lawn 34 swing 17 signpost, roadsign 35 seesaw

8 PHRASES ASKING THE WAY Promiňte, že obtěžuji. Jste odsud? Jste místní? Sorry to trouble you. Excuse me,... Are you local? Znáte to tady? Ukázal byste mi cestu do. - Oxfordské ulice? - Oxford Street? - na nádraží? - the station? Do you know the area? Can - Could you tell me the way to Could you tell me how to get to...? Promiňte, jdu správně do Excuse me, is this the right way to Am I going the right way for/to...? - Regentské ulice? - Regent Street? Promiňte, kde je Excuse me, where is? Jak se dostaneme. How can we get to.. - na hlavní ulici? - the main street? - k divadlu? - the theatre? - na náměstí? - the square? Kudy se jde na nádraží? Which is the way to the station? - na letiště? - to the airport? Jaká je to ulice? What street is this? Je to daleko? How far is it? Jak se dostanu ke škole? How can I get to school? - Jděte přímo. - Go straight away. - Go straight on / straight away. - Jděte touto ulicí. - Go along down this street. - Jděte dál touto ulicí. - Continue along this street. - Držte se vlevo / vpravo. - Keep (to the) left / right. - Odbočte doleva. - Turn (to the) left. - Odbočte doprava. - Turn (to the) right. - Odbočte do Londýnské ulice. - Turn into London Street. - Odbočte první ulicí doprava. - Take the first street to the right. - Jděte až k semaforu a odbočte vlevo. - Go straight as far as the traffic lights and then turn to the left. - Jděte rovně až ke křižovatce. - Go straight on as far as the crossroads. - Dojděte až... - Keep walking until you get to... - Přejděte ulici. - Cross the street. - Jděte podél nábřeží. - Follow the embankment. - Musíte jít přes most. - You have to cross the bridge. - Je to vlevo. - It s on the left / on your left. - Je to na konci ulice. - It s at the end of the street. - Je to v blízkosti náměstí. - It s just off the square. - Je to proti poště. - It s opposite the post office. - Je to vedle banky. - It s next to the bank. - Je to mezi školou a parkem. - It s between the school and the park. - Je to blízko divadla. - It s near the theatre. Jak je to odsud daleko? How far is it from here? - Je to docela blízko. - It s quite near. - Je to odtud dost daleko. - It s (quite) a long way from here. - Není to daleko. - It s not far. - Je to za rohem. - It s round the corner. - Je to na dalším rohu. - It s at the next corner. - Nemůžete to minout / přehlédnout. - You can t miss it.

9 - Ukážu vám to na mapě. - I will show it to you on the map. - Je to pěšky asi deset minut. - It s about ten-minutes walk. - Je to jen pár minut pěšky. - It s a few minutes walk. - Jdete špatným směrem. - You are going in the wrong direction. - Nevyznám se tu. - I am a stranger here. - Bohužel, nevím. - I am afraid I don t know. - Raději se zeptejte někoho jiného. - You would better ask someone else. - Myslím, že je to tady někde. - I think it must be somewhere round here. - Zabloudil jsem. - I have lost my way. - Můžete jet desítkou. - You can take the number ten. - Nastupte / Vystupte (kde...) - Get on / Get off... - Musíte přestoupit... - You have to change (buses/trams) at... MUNICIPAL TRANSPORT Kde je tady nejbližší? Where is the nearest? - autobusové nádraží - bus station - autobusová zastávka - bus stop - stanice metra - underground station - tramvajová zastávka - tram stop Je tu někde autobusová zastávka? Is there a bus stop round here? Autobusová zastávka je na dolním/ The bus stop is at the bottom / top horním konci ulice. of the street. Autobusová zastávka je za rohem. The bus stop is round the corner. Odkud jede autobus k? Where do I get the bus for? Jezdí tento autobus k nádraží? Does this bus go to the station? Jede tento autobus k nádraží? Is this bus going to the railway station? Kdy jede poslední noční autobus do? When is the last night bus to? - Autobusy jezdí celu noc ve - Buses run all night at thirty minutes intervals. třicetiminutových intervalech. - Poslední autobus jede ve dvě. - The last bus goes at two A.M. Kdy jede ráno první autobus do? When is the first morning bus to? Odkud jezdí autobusy do centra? Where do the buses for the centre depart from? Jeďte autobusem číslo třináct. Take a number thirteen bus. Jeďte autobusem číslo ze stanice At Victoria take a number bus to Victoria směrem na Pojedete asi deset minut. It will take you about ten minutes. Budete přesedat u nádraží Victoria. You will have to change at Victoria Station. Děti do pěti let jezdí zdarma. Children under five ride free. Autobus číslo tři jezdí pouze v neděli. The bus number three goes on Sundays only. Raději pojedu metrem. I will better go by tube. Kolik to stojí metrem? How much is the metro fare? Už je tu náš autobus. Here is our bus. Nastupte. Inside, please. Come along, please. Teď můžeme nastoupit. Now we can get on the bus. Vystupuji u Victoria Station. I get off at Victoria Station. Autobus je plný. The bus is full. Jízdenky, prosím. Fares, please. Postavte se do řady. Join the queue. Netlačte se. Stop pushing. S dovolením. Excuse me, will you let me pass? Vystupujete? Do you want to get off now? Okamžik, já také vystupuji. Just a moment, I want to get off here, too. Zeptejte se průvodčího, kde máte Ask the conductor where to get off. vystoupit. Jedu na nádraží Victoria. I m going to Victoria Station. Kde mám vystoupit? Will you please tell me where to get off?

10 Příští stanici budete vystupovat. Prosím vás, vystupuje se vzadu. You will get off at the next stop. Will you please get off at the rear? TAXI Je tu někde stanoviště taxi? Promiňte, jste volný? Kolik by stála cesta. - na nádraží? - the railway station? - na letiště? - the airport? - do holetu Diplomat? - the Diplomat Hotel? Asi pět liber. About five pounds. Is there a taxi rank here? Excuse me, are you free? How much would you charge for the ride to Prosím, zavezte mě do. Je to daleko? Za deset minut jsme na místě. Jeďte rychle, spěchám. Zastavte tady, vystoupím. Please, take me to Is it far? Is it a long way from here? We will be there in ten minutes. Go fast, please, I am in a hurry. Pull up, I ll get out here. SIGHTSEEING Toto město je velmi krásné. This town is very nice. Rád bych si to tady prohlédl. I d like to go sightseeing here. Co byste chtěli vidět především? What would you like to see above all? Chtěl bych se podívat. I would like to. - na katedrálu. - see the cathedral. - do galérie. - visit the gallery. - po obchodech. - go round the shops. - do okolí města. - see the surroundings of the town. - do ZOO. - go to the ZOO. - do přístavu. - have a look at the harbour. Co vás zajímá nejvíc? What are you mainly interested in? Chcete-li, ukážu vám pamětihodnosti I will show you round our town if you want. našeho města. Je tu mnoho zajímavých věcí k vidění. There are many places of interest to see in this town. There are many places worth seeing here. Může se tu fotografovat? May I take photographs here? Dá se vystoupit na věž? Is it possible to go up to the tower? Platí se nějaké vstupné? Is there any admission fee? Z kterého století je ten chrám? Which century is this church from? Čí je to pomník? Whose monument is this? Od koho je ta socha? Who is this statue by? Jaký je to sloh? What style is it? V tomto paláci žil. This place is where. lived. Byl jste už v katedrále Sv. Pavla? Have you been to St. Paul s?