Zvyšování kvality výuky technických oborů

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1 Zvyšování kvality výuky technických oborů Klíčová aktivita V.2 Inovace a zkvalitnění výuky směřující k rozvoji odborných kompetencí žáků středních škol Téma II.2.1 Reals of the English speaking countries and the Czech Republic Kapitola 8 Interesting places in The UK Mgr. Drahomíra Pólová

2 Obsah ÚVOD 1 1 INTERESTING PLACES IN THE UK YORK BATH PORTSMOUTH OXFORD AND CAMBRIDGE LAKE DISTRICT STONEHENGE TASK DOPORUČENÁ LITERATURA POUŽITÁ LITERATURA A ZDROJE... 6

3 Úvod Výukový materiál je primárně určen pro žáky 3. a 4. ročníků čtyřletých oborů zakončených maturitní zkouškou (39-41-L/01 Autotronik, M/01 Nábytkářská a dřevařská výroba, M/01 Dopravní prostředky, M/01 Technická zařízení budov, L/002 Mechanik instalatérských a elektrotechnických zařízení budov) a 2. ročníků nástavbového studia (23-43-L/51 Provozní technika, L/51 Podnikání), ale lze jej využít i při výuce nadanějších žáků v nižších ročnících uvedených oborů. V rámci seznámení se s problematikou reálií a života v anglicky mluvících zemí je výukový materiál vhodné použít jako podpůrný a doplňkový studijní materiál v předmětu Anglický jazyk. Jednotlivá témata korespondují s tématickými plány vypracovanými v souladu s ŠVP pro dané obory a vycházejí z požadavků RVP. Jazyková úroveň výukového materiálu je v souladu s požadavky úrovně Intermadiate - B1 (středně pokročilý) Společného evropského referenčního rámce pro jazyky. Výukový materiál se zybývá zajímavými místy ve Spojeném království. Vzdělávací materiál zahrnuje souvislý text, jenž je souhrnným představením daného tématu. Součástí jsou dva úkoly, příprava výletu do Velké Británie a příprava prezentace s využitím obrázků. 1

4 1 Interesting places in the UK There are numerous tourist attractions in all the countries of the UK historical towns and villages, medieval castles and cathedrals, picturesque coasts, mountains and lakes. 1.1 York York is an ancient city that was very wealthy and powerful under the reign of the Vikings (who called it Jorvik). At the Jorvik Viking Centre people can see reconstructions of Viking York, complete with sounds and smells. The museum is built on the exact spot where the Viking town and houses were uncovered in A small train takes tourists through the exhibits, and a museum at the end displays real Viking artefacts. York is also famous for its large Gothic cathedral. 1.2 Bath Bath was established as a spa town by the ancient Romans in 43 AD, and you can still admire the Roman baths there, bulit over hot springs (= places where hot water naturally flows from the earth). The city also has some great examples of 18th-century Georgian architecture, and it is connected with the writer Jane Austen, who used to live there. 1.3 Portsmouth If tourists are interested in naval history, they should go to Portsmouth on the south coast of England. They can visit the Royal Naval Museum there and see a number of famous old ships. There is, for example, HMS Victory, the ship Lord Nelson used in the Battle of Trafalgar, where the British beat the French Napoleonic navy in

5 1.4 Oxford and Cambridge Oxford and Cambridge are famous university towns, and their universities are among the oldest in the world. Even if you are not a student, you can enjoy the old architecture of the colleges and their special atmosphere. The River Cam in Cambridge is a popular place for punting (= boating in long narrow boats moved by pushing a long pole against the riverbed). 1.5 Lake District If people prefer countryside to cities, they may enjoy the Lake District, a region with beautiful scenery, mountains and lakes. Lake Windermere is the largest lake in Britain. The region is also connected with the Lake Poets, a group of 19th-century romantic poets who lived there and were inspired by the place (William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge...). 1.6 Stonehenge Stonehenge is surely Britain s greatest national icon, symbolizing mystery, power and endurance. Eight miles north of Salisbury Plain is a large circle of stones, which is called Stonehenge. (In The Salisbury Cathedral, there is deposit the original copy of Magna Charta, king John, 1214) Nobody knows why it was built or what it was used for. Some materials suppose it was an ancient cemetery because of many graves finding around the monument. Others mean it could be a kind of observatory, where astronomers studied the stars and the planets. Another possibility is that it was a place where witches and magicians offered human sacrifices to the gods. Or it was a temple, where the ancients Britons worshipped the Sun. This possibility is based on fact that the sun rises exactly over a certain stone on the outside of the circle and shines onto the altar in the centre of it at dawn on Midsummer s Day. But nobody knows the real purpose of the monument. The ruins stand in the centre of a huge circle in diameter. The circle is formed by a bank and a ditch. There is also a gap in the northeast side. The ruins consist of two stone circles and two stone horseshoes. These stones were 3

6 joined with a continuous line of stones, which lies on the top of the uprights. But the most of these have fallen down. The outer horseshoe consists of five trilithons. ( Trilithon is a Greek word, which means three stones.) In the centre of the horseshoe, there is a large stone called the Altar Stone. The stones were built by the several generations of Druids. A lot of the original stones have been taken by our ancestors to build their houses and roads. A lot of stones have been chipped away by visitors and taken away as souvenirs over the years, so it s very difficult or nearly impossible to find the rest of stones. But the artefacts found at Stonehenge can be viewed at the London Museum and Salisbury Museum. Stonehenge and Avebury were inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1986 for their outstanding prehistoric monuments. 1.7 Task You and your friend are planning a trip to Great Britain. You should agree which places are worth to visit and why. Then prepare a seven day stay. Prepare a presentation with pictures. 4

7 2 Doporučená literatura 1. Mgr. Dagmar El-Hmoudová, Angličtina maturitní témata Třebíč ISBN Světlana Brendlová, Reálie anglicky mluvících zemí Praha FRAUS, ISBN Jana Odehnalová, Reading about theenglish-speaking countries Praha PRÁH, ISBN Janet Borsbey,Ruth Swan, Crossing cultures, Praha INFOA, ISBN

8 3 Použitá literatura a zdroje 1. Mgr. Dagmar El-Hmoudová, Angličtina maturitní témata Třebíč ISBN Světlana Brendlová, Reálie anglicky mluvících zemí Praha FRAUS, ISBN Jana Odehnalová, Reading about theenglish-speaking countries Praha PRÁH, ISBN Janet Borsbey,Ruth Swan, Crossing cultures, Praha INFOA, ISBN