Zabrus (Pelor) skoupyi sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Greece. Zabrus (Pelor) skoupyi sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Carabidae) z Řecka

Transkript

1 Published May 5, 2011 Klapalekiana, 47: 21 28, 2011 ISSN Zabrus (Pelor) skoupyi sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Carabidae) from Greece Zabrus (Pelor) skoupyi sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Carabidae) z Řecka Jiří HEJKAL Wolkerova 711/48, CZ Kraslice, Czech Republic; amara@volny.cz Taxonomy, Coleoptera, Carabidae, Zabrini, Zabrus, new species, distribution, Palaearctic region Abstract. Zabrus (Pelor) skoupyi sp. nov. from northwestern Greece is described, figured, and compared with related Balkan species of the subgenus Pelor Bonelli, The new species lives in the Grammos Oros Mountains in the alpine meadows at an altitude of m a.s.l. Zabrus (P.) albanicus Apfelbeck, 1904 s. lat. is recorded as new for Greece. New data on the distribution of Z. (P.) aetolus Schaum, 1864 s. lat., Z. (P.) brevicollis Schaum, 1857 and Z. (P.) peristericus Apfelbeck, 1901 are presented. INTRODUCTION Eight taxa (species or subspecies) of the subgenus Pelor Bonelli, 1810 of the genus Zabrus Clairville, 1806 are known from continental northwestern Greece (Freude 1989): Z. aetolus matejkai Mařan, 1940 (Vermion Oros Mountains); Z. aetolus purkynei Mařan, 1940 (type locality in Mount Kajmakčalan on the border between Greece and the Republic of Macedonia); Z. brevicollis Schaum, 1857 (northwestern and central Greece); Z. ganglbaueri ganglbaueri Apfelbeck, 1906 (Albania and northwestern Greece); Z. graecus subtilis Schaum, 1862 (northwestern and central Greece); Z. incrassatus (Ahrens, 1814) (Balkan Peninsula); Z. peristericus Apfelbeck, 1901 (Lakmos Oros Mountains); ; and Z. spinipes insignis G. Müller, 1932 (Greece). An additional species of the subgenus Pelor from the mentioned area is described below. Also, another species of this subgenus is recorded from Greece for the first time in this paper. MATERIAL AND METHODS The specimens of new species are deposited in the following collections: coll. G. Dubault, Savigny-sur-Orge, France; coll. J. Hejkal, Kraslice, Czech Republic; coll. P. Hruša, Saarlouis, Germany; coll. K. Orszulik, Frýdek-Mí stek, Czech Republic; coll. V. Skoupý, Žilina, Czech Republic; coll. P. Štěpánek, Kladno, Czech Republic. Measurements were made with a MBS 10 stereo microscope at magnifications of 8 to 56. Measurements of body parts and body ratios used in the text were taken as follows: total length = length measured from anterior margin of labrum to elytron apex; length of median lobe (penis) = length of median lobe in dorsal view; width of median lobe (penis) = maximal width of median lobe in dorsal view; ratio of width/length of pronotum = ratio of maximal width of pronotum/length of pronotum measured along mid-line; ratio of anterior margin/posterior margin of pronotum = ratio of width of pronotum between anterior angles/width of pronotum between posterior angles; ratio of length/width of elytra = ratio of length of longer elytron measured from basal border to apex/maximal width of both elytra combined; ratio of length/width of apex of median lobe (apex of penis) = ratio of length of apex measured from apical border of internal sac to tip of median lobe/maximal width of apex in dorsal view. 21

2 TAXONOMIC PART Zabrus (Pelor) skoupyi sp. nov. (Figs 1 5, 10, 11) Type material. Holotype:, labelled Gr. Maced., Aetomilitsa Gramos mts., , alpin, Skoupý leg., collected in northwestern Greece, at the border between Epirus and West Macedonia peripheries, Grammos Oros Mountains, north of Aetomilitsa, alpine meadows, under stone near snow-field, ca m a.s.l. (Fig. 1 and V. Skoupý, pers. comm.), ca N, E, coll. V. Skoupý. Paratypes: Nos 1 6, 4, 2, labelled GREECE occ., Gramos Mts., Aetomilitsa env., 29.v.2001, alpin, m, S. Benedikt leg., 3 km northwest of Aetomilitsa, mountain range, eastern slope, under stones near small snow-fields (S. Benedikt, pers. comm.), coll. J. Hejkal; ; Nos 7 12, 4, 2, same data as Nos 1 6, coll. V. Skoupý; Nos 13 14, 14, 2, same data as Nos 1 6, coll. G. Dubault; Nos 15 17, 17, 2, 1, labelled Greece, Ioánina, M. Gramoz, Aetomilitsa, , 2000 m, P. Hrusa leg., coll. P. Hruša; Nos 18 29, 8, 4, same data as holotype, coll. V. Skoupý; Nos 30 31, 31, 1, 1, same data as holotype, coll. J. Hejkal; Nos 32 34, 34, 1, 2, labelled Gr. Maced., Aetomilitsa Gramos, , Skoupý leg., coll. V. Skoupý; Nos 35 36, 36, 1, 1, labelled Gr. Maced.,Aetomilitsa Gramos, , Štěpánek leg., coll. P. Štěpánek; Nos 37 38, 38, 1, 1, labelled GREECE bor. occ., Grammos mts., Aetomilisa, , 2100 m, lgt. Orszulik,, coll. K. Orszulik. Description. Wingless species with medium-sized and relatively narrow body (Fig. 2). Total length mm, mostly mm (holotype 14.0 mm, average 13.5 mm, n = 39). Dorsal side dark brown. Labrum red-brown to dark brown. Dorsal side shiny in males and with slight lustre to dull with elytra less shiny than head and pronotum in females. Ventral side red-brown to dark brown. Mandibles red-brown to dark brown. Antennae and legs redbrown to brown. Maxillary and labial palpi pale red-brown to red-brown. Head thickened, sparsely to densely and very finely punctate (punctation visible in 30 magnification) with eyes short and slightly (in holotype) to markedly convex. Anterior margin of labrum with six setiferous punctures. Anterior part of clypeus with arcuate callus. Frontal furrows short, mostly narrow and shallow. Antennae reaching base of pronotum when reclined. Antennomere 1 very broad. Mentum with simple (i.e. not bifid), rounded (exceptionally rectangular) and broad median tooth. Pronotum transverse (ratio of width/length = , 1.66, holotype 1.62), strongly convex, widest behind middle, markedly narrowed toward anterior angles (ratio of anterior margin/ posterior margin = , 0.80, holotype 0.77), lateral margins slightly convex (in holotype) to straight before posterior angles. Anterior margin of pronotum very shallowly emarginate, anterior angles slightly protruding, rounded. Posterior angles markedly (in holotype) to slightly obtuse, with apex shortly rounded. Pronotal base shallowly emarginate (exceptionally almost straight in paratype No 30). Inner basal impression shallow and wide (in holotype) or absent. Outer basal impression absent. Anterior part of pronotum sparsely to densely and finely punctate. Lateral margin of pronotum narrowly flattened (flattening moderately widened posteriad), very sparsely and finely punctate, without seta. Pronotal base densely to sparsely (in holotype) and finely to coarsely punctate. Lateral bead of pronotum narrow, not thickened. Epipleuron of pronotum smooth (mostly) or very sparsely and finely punctate. Elytra relatively narrow (width = mm, holotype 6.0 mm) and elongate (ratio of length/width = , 1.57, holotype 1.53), very strongly convex, declivity of elytra before 22

3 Fig. 1. Map of Greece indicating locality of Zabrus skoupyi sp. nov. Obr. 1. Mapa Řecka s vyznačenou lokalitou Zabrus skoupyi sp. nov. apex steep to almost vertical in lateral view. Intervals slightly convex (in holotype) or flat. Striae distinct, moderately deepened, very finely (in holotype) to finely punctate. Row of setiferous punctures in stria 8 (or in elytral interval 9) mostly considerably interrupted. Scutellar stria mostly continuous, touching (in holotype) or not touching stria 1. Scutellar setiferous puncture absent. Base of elytra slightly sinuate to straight, basal bead slightly sinuate. Elytral humeri obtuse, rounded (in holotype) or angulate, humeral tooth absent. Lateral groove of elytron narrow. Microsculpture consisting of regular meshes, coarser in females. Epipleuron of elytron smooth, usually with row of short impressions. Ventral part of thorax and abdomen. Prosternum in middle smooth, with shallow to deep transversal impression. Prosternal process not (in holotype) or very shallowly to shallowly 23

4 beaded (bead interrupted apically), with 4 8 setae anteriorly. Mesothorax and metathorax in middle smooth. Episternum of prothorax very sparsely to sparsely and very finely to finely punctate. Episternum of mesothorax sparsely to densely (in holotype) and coarsely to very coarsely punctate. Episternum of metathorax very sparsely and finely (in holotype) to coarsely punctate, shorter than wide. Sides of abdominal ventrites 1 and 2 sparsely and coarsely to finely punctate, sides of abdominal ventrite 3 very sparsely to sparsely and finely (in holotype) to coarsely punctate, sides of abdominal ventrites 4 and 5 smooth (usually) or very sparsely and finely punctate, sides of abdominal ventrite 6 smooth to almost smooth. Sides of abdominal ventrites 3 to 5 and almost entire abdominal ventrite 6 wrinkled. Abdominal ventrites 3 to 5 with one pair of setiferous punctures. Males with two, females with four setiferous punctures at posterior margin of last abdominal ventrite. Legs relatively long and slender. Ventral side of fore femora with setiferous punctures behind anterior margin. Ventral side of middle femora with (mostly 5 6) setiferous punctures before posterior margin. Ventral side of hind femora with setiferous punctures before posterior margin. Aedeagus. Median lobe medium-sized (length mm, width mm; holotype 4.31 and 1.30 mm), left side shallowly emarginate before apex dorsally (Figs 4 and 5). Apex of median lobe elongate and narrow above (ratio of length/width = ; 1.44; holotype 1.44), slightly curved to left. Right paramere with long hook (Figs 3 and 5). Styli large, last stylomere tongue-shaped (Figs 10 and 11). Differential diagnosis. Zabrus skoupyi sp. nov. is a distinct species with a unique body shape. It is easily distinguishable from all species of the subgenus Pelor from northwestern Greece by its very different habitus and the extremely narrow lateral bead of pronotum. The most similar species, Z. peristericus Apfelbeck, 1901, differs in having the pronotum more narrowed toward posterior angles, pronotum widest before or at middle, lateral margins of pronotum slightly sinuate to straight before posterior angles. Z. peristericus differs in the shape of the aedeagus (Fig. 9; apex of median lobe of Z. peristericus is broader), and its larger average size ( mm, average 15.2 mm, n = 35). The two sympatric species differ as follows: Z. albanicus Apfelbeck, 1904 s. lat. in having pronotum and elytra broader, posterior angles of pronotum more sharp, and in the shape of aedeagus (Fig. 6; median lobe of Z. albanicus is shorter and narrower); Z. brevicollis Schaum, 1857 in having pronotum and elytra broader, pronotum more narrowed toward posterior angles, in the shape of aedeagus (Fig. 7; apex of median lobe of Z. brevicollis is shorter and broader), and larger size ( mm). The remaining species from north- western Greece differ especially in the following characters: Z. aetolus Schaum, 1864 s. lat. in having pronotum and elytra broader, posterior angles of pronotum with distinct apex, and in the shape of aedeagus (Fig. 8; apex of median lobe of Z. aetolus is broader); Z. ganglbaueri Apfelbeck, 1906 s. lat. in having pronotum and elytra much broader, and pronotum widest close to its base; Z. graecus Dejean, 1828 s. lat. in having pronotum and elytra much broader, and pronotum not narrowed posteriad; Z. incrassatus (Ahrens, 1814) in having pronotum and elytra much broader; Z. spinipes (Fabricius, 1798) s. lat. in having pronotum and elytra much broader, elytra almost smooth (without distinct striae), and larger size ( mm). Distribution and habitat. Zabrus skoupyi sp. nov. was repeatedly found in the Grammos Oros Mountains, north or northwest of the village of Aetomilitsa, at the border between Epirus and West Macedonia peripheries (Fig. 1). The individuals were collected in alpine meadows near snow-fields at an altitude of ca m a.s.l. Zabrus skoupyi sp. nov. most likely inhabits only a small area. 24

5 Fig. 2. Zabrus skoupyi sp. nov., holotype, habitus, dorsal view. Obr. 2. Zabrus skoupyi sp. nov., holotypus, habitus, dorsální pohled. 25

6 Figs 3 4. Zabrus skoupyi sp. nov., holotype. 3: aedeagus: median lobe and right paramere, lateral view; 4: aedeagus: median lobe and parameres, dorso-apical view. Obr Zabrus skoupyi sp. nov., holotypus. 3: aedeagus: penis a pravá paramera, boční pohled; 4: aedeagus: penis a paramery, dorsoapikální pohled. I identified these species of the subgenus Pelor from alpine and subalpine zones of the Grammos Oros Mountains and nearby mountain areas in northwestern Greece: Z. aetolus s. lat. (Voras Oros Mountains, Vermion Oros Mountains, Vernon Oros Mountains, Triklario Mountains, Smolikas Oros Mountains, and Voria Pindos mountain range, Katára Pass); Z. albanicus s. lat. (Vernon Oros Mountains, Grammos Oros Mountains, Smolikas Oros Mountains, and Notia Pindos mountain range, west of Trí kala); Z. brevicollis (Grammos Oros Mountains); Z. incrassatus (Tymfi Mountains, Lakmos /= Peristeri/ Oros Mountains); Z. peristericus (Tymfi Mountains, Lakmos /= Peristeri/ Oros Mountains, Tsoumerka Mountains, and Notia Pindos mountain range, west of Tríkala); ; and Z. skoupyi sp. nov. (Grammos Oros Mountains). Freude (1989) mentioned the occurrence of Z. brevicollis in the Katára Pass and the Smolikas Oros Mountains. Species Z. graecus, Z. incrassatus and Z. spinipes are more common in the steppe and forest zones. Notes. Z. albanicus was not yet recorded from Greece. It is a widely distributed polytypic species hitherto known from Albania, Kosovo and the Republic of Macedonia (Apfelbeck 1904, Ganglbauer 1915, Mařan 1939, Hieke 1981, Freude 1989, Guéorguiev 2007, etc.). Serrano & Andújar (2003) listed Z. albanicus jablanicensis Mařan, 1939 incorrectly from Bosnia and Herzegovina. This subspecies was described from the Jablanica Mountains at the border between Albania and the Republic of Macedonia (see Mařan 1939 and the type series in the National Museum, Praha). 26

7 Figs Zabrus spp. 5 9: aedeagus: median lobe (dorso-apical view) and right paramere (lateral view); 10, 11: stylus, ventral view. 5, 10, 11: Z. skoupyi sp. nov. (5: paratype No. 1; 10: paratype No. 5; 11: paratype No. 6); 6: Z. albanicus Apfelbeck, Greece, Notia Pindos mountain range near Pertoúlion (W of Tríkala); 7: Z. brevicollis Schaum, Greece, Parnassos Oros Mountains, Ski centrum; 8: Z. aetolus Schaum, Greece, Voria Pindos mountain range, Katára Pass; 9: Z. peristericus Apfelbeck, Greece, Tsoumerka Mountains near Athamánion. Obr Zabrus spp. 5 9: aedeagus: penis (dorsoapikální pohled) a pravá paramera (boční pohled); 10, 11: stylus, ventrální pohled. 5, 10, 11: Z. skoupyi sp. nov. (5: paratypus č. 1; 10: paratypus č. 5; 11: paratypus č. 6); 6: Z. alba- nicus Apfelbeck, Řecko, horské pásmo Notia Pindos pr. Pertoúlion (západně od Tríkaly); 7: Z. brevicollis Schaum, Řecko, pohoří Parnassos Oros, Ski centrum; 8: Z. aetolus Schaum, Řecko, horské pásmo Voria Pindos, průsmyk Katára; 9: Z. peristericus Apfelbeck, Řecko, pohoří Tsoumerka pr. Athamánion. The taxonomy of Balkan species of the subgenus Pelor is very complicated. The status of many subspecies is unclear as there is not an accurate description of variability across the distribution of the species. That is why I mostly do not use the subspecies names of polytypic species in this study. Name derivation. Dedicated, with great pleasure, to Dr. Vladimí r Skoupý, Žilina (Czech Republic), one of collectors of the new species and specialist in Zabrus. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. I am obliged to S. Benedikt (Plzeň) for providing his material, and all collectors mentioned in Material and methods for the kind loan of specimens of the genus Zabrus from their collections. I thank V. Skoupý (Žilina) for a discussion on some problems of taxonomy, and J. Růžička (Czech University of Life Sciences, Praha) for technical help with the manuscript. Special thanks go to J. Velc (Kladno) for drawing the figures. 27

8 REFERENCES APFELBECK V. 1904: Die Käferfauna der Balkanhalbinsel, mit Berücksichtigung Klein-Asiens und der Insel Kreta. Erster Band: Familienreihe Caraboidea. R. Friedländer und Sohn, Berlin, 422 pp. FREUDE H. 1989: Revision der zur (?) Gattung Zabrus Clairville 1806 gehörendenarten mit Bestimmungstabellen (Col. Carabidae). 3. Teil. Atti dei Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Trieste 42: GANGLBAUER L. 1915: Revision der Gattung Zabrus Clairv. Münchener Koleopterologische Zeitschrift 4: GUÉORGUIEV B. 2007: 9. Biogeography of the Endemic Carabidae (Coleoptera) in the Central and Eastern Balkan Peninsula. Pp In: FET V. & POPOV A. (eds): Biogeography and Ecology of Bulgaria. Springer, Dordrecht, 687 pp. HIEKE F. 1981: Die Carabidae einer Sammelreise nach Mazedonien (Insecta: Coleoptera). Acta Musei Macedonici Scientiarum Naturalium 16: MAŘAN J. 1939: Zoogeografická a systematická studie o Carabidech Golešnice-planiny v jižní Jugoslavii. Die Carabidenfauna der Golešnica-Planina. Sborník Entomologického Oddělení Národního Musea v Praze 17: (in Czech and German). SERRANO J. & ANDÚJAR A. 2003: Subtribe Zabrina Bonelli, Pp In: LÖBL I. & SMETANA A. (eds): Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 1. Archostemata Myxophaga Adephaga. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 819 pp. SOUHRN V práci je popsán nový druh střevlíčka Zabrus (Pelor) skoupyi sp. nov. ze severozápadního Řecka. Žije v pohoří Grammos na alpinských loukách v nadmořské výšce metrů. Nový druh byl opakovaně sbírán v blízkosti sněhových polí. Dosud bylo známo z pevninské části severozápadního Řecka osm taxonů (druhů nebo poddruhů) v podrodu Pelor Bonelli, 1810 (rod Zabrus Clairville, 1806): Z. aetolus matejkai Mařan, 1940 (pohoří Vermion Oros); Z. aetolus purkynei Mařan, 1940 (typová lokalita na hoře Kajmakčalan na společné hranici Řecka a Republiky Makedonie); Z. brevicollis Schaum, 1857 (severozápadní a střední Řecko); Z. ganglbaueri ganglbaueri Apfelbeck, 1906 (Albánie a severozápadní Řecko); Z. graecus subtilis Schaum, 1862 (severozápadní a střední Řecko); Z. incrassatus (Ahrens, 1814) (Balkánský poloostrov); Z. peristericus Apfelbeck, 1901 (pohoří Lakmos Oros) a Z. spinipes insignis G. Müller, 1932 (Řecko). Z. (P.) skoupyi sp. nov. je charakteristický druh s jedinečným tvarem těla. Od všech druhů podrodu Pelor dosud známých ze severozápadního Řecka je snadno rozeznatelný pro svůj velmi odlišný vzhled a neobyčejně úzký postranní lem štítu. Nejpodobnější druh Z. (P.) peristericus se liší tvarem štítu, který je před zadními rohy více zúžený a je nejširší před středem nebo uprostřed, postranními okraji štítu, které jsou před zadními rohy slabě vykrojené až rovné, tvarem aedeagu (špice penisu Z. peristericus je širší ) a větší průměrnou velikostí. Ostatní druhy mají štít a krovky širší, často velmi výrazně. Další rozlišovací znaky jsou uvedeny v anglickém textu. Taxonomie balkánských druhů podrodu Pelor je velmi složitá. Status mnoha poddruhů je nejasný, protože chybí důkladné popisy variability v rámci rozšíření druhů. Z těchto důvodů autor této studie většinou nepoužívá poddruhová jména u polytypických druhů. Práce obsahuje nové údaje o rozšíření druhů Z. (P.) aetolus Schaum, 1864 s. lat., Z. (P.) albanicus Apfelbeck, 1904 s. lat., Z. (P.) brevicollis Schaum, 1857 a Z. (P.) peristericus Apfelbeck, 1901 v severozápadním Řecku. Z. (P.) albanicus s. lat. je nový druh pro Řecko. 28