VY_22_INOVACE_0305. The Beginnings of English Obohacování odborné slovní zásoby PaedDr. Věra Millerová VOŠPS a SPgŠ Kroměříž

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1 Název DUMu Tematická oblast Autor Škola Číslo projektu Číslo a název šablony klíčové aktivity Vzdělávací oblast Vzdělávací obor The Beginnings of English Obohacování odborné slovní zásoby PaedDr. Věra Millerová VOŠPS a SPgŠ Kroměříž CZ.1.07/1.5.00/ II/2 Inovace a zkvalitnění výuky cizích jazyků na středních školách Jazykové vzdělávání Anglický jazyk Cílová skupina 2., 3. a 4. ročník SPgŠ Kroměříž Cílem lekce je rozvoj čtenářských dovedností a postihnutí logického pořadí odstavců vzhledem k obsahu. Dalším cílem je obohacení slovní zásoby vyhledáváním synonym v textu. Anotace Druhá polovina pracovního listu je zaměřena na logickou úvahu a analýzu. Druhým povinným jazykem v SPgŠ Kroměříž je jazyk německý. Studenti/studentky mají analyzovat a porovnat slovní základ a pokusit se spojit slovní zásobu z Anglo-Saského období se slovní zásobou přejatou z latinského jazyka či od Vikingů. defeat, power, adopted, intruder, grow, to continue, universal, to Klíčová slova expand Datum vytvoření

2 Read about the beginnings of English and order the paragraphs 1-6. There s an example given. The Beginnings of English A 2 The language from which Indo-European languages developed is known as Proto-Indo- European. It was spoken by Kurgans who lived in southern Russia 5000 BC BC they began to spread across Europe. By studying modern languages we can see some similarities (e.g. words for members of the family mother, father) which suggest that they probably come from Proto-Indo-European. B The next great influence on the language came with a new group of invaders, the Vikings, between the 8 th -10 th century. The Vikings and the English could communicate because their languages were quite similar. One effect of this was that Old English became simpler (e.g. different endings for words were dropped, plural endings were unified by s ending, the past tense by ed). C In the middle of the 5 th century Anglo-Saxons (the Germanic tribes) settled the whole England and the English language began to develop. Old English was spoken until the Norman conquest in It was almost completely Germanic, however they borrowed some Celtic words. D The English language is spoken as a first language by million people and is probably used by about a quarter of all the people in the world. In the 20 th century, the use of English spread with the growth in international business. E The Celts were the first group of Indo-European speakers who moved across Europe. Between 700 and 100 BC they settled the whole of Britain, and Ireland. In 43 AD the Romans conquered Britain for almost four hundred years. Natives were allowed to carry on their own way of life. British Celts from upper classes learnt to speak and write Latin.

3 F As a result of the spread of Christianity, the Anglo-Saxons borrowed a number of Latin words. Match the highlighted words in the text with the offered synonyms: defeat power adopted intruders grow to continue universal to expand You have just read about Old English. Here are some examples of Old English. Anglo-Saxons borrowed some Celtic words. Just for fun, try to guess and match words in columns with their meaning together. Celtic Anglo-Saxon 1 crag/tor A water 2 dubris-dover B names of English cities 3 London, Leeds C dark river 4 Avon, Esk, Ouse D river or water 5 Thames E high rock What about Ostrava, Jihlava, Opava? What is the base of these names? Can you find Celtic origin in them? Anglo-Saxons borrowed a number of words from Latin. Guess and match them with their meaning: Anglo-Saxon Latin 1 monk A spendan 2 to spend B sealtian 3 school C tyrnan 4 chest D cest 5 to dance E fenester

4 6 to turn F munuk 7 window G scól Old Norse enriched Old English (words beginning with sk-, e.g. skin, skirt, sky). Some words even replaced Old English words. Match them together: Old English Old Norse 1 sweostor A want 2 wish B ill 3 sick C kirk 4 church D syster The presence of Vikings can also be seen in the modern place names in England as well as surnames (words ended in son). Words ended in by mean farm or town, -thorp(e) small village, -toft/thwaite piece of land. Divide words given bellow according to their meaning: Gawthorp Robertson Rugby Althorp Stevenson Darby Langtoft Langtwaithe Blacktoft Whitby Johnson Scanthorpe Davidson farm or town surnames piece of land small village

5 Key Reading A2 B6 C4 Synonyms D1 E3 F5 to spread expand influence power invaders intruders to grow to develop conquest defeat international universal to carry on to continue borrowed adopted Celtic words 1E 2A 3B 4D 5C Anglo-Saxons words borrowed from Latin 1F 2A 3G 4D 5B 6C 7 E Old Norse words 1D 2A 3B 4C Zdroje a použitá literatura Knižní zdroje 1) Webster s Reference Library Concise Edition Dictionary and Thesaurus. New Lanark: Geddes&Grosset, 2002, ISBN ) VINEY, B. The History of the English Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003, ISBN ) KAVKA, S. Nástin dějin anglického jazyka, skriptum. Ostravská univerzita Ostrava: Repronis 1993, ISBN ) KAVKA, S. English Linguistics for Novices, an Introductory Course, skriptum. Ostravská univerzita Ostrava, 2003, ISBN ) NANGONOVÁ, S. British History and Culture, skriptum. Ostravská univerzita Ostrava, 2008.

6 6) Longman Active Study Dictionary of English. Harlow: 1991, ISBN