Zvyšování kvality výuky technických oborů Klíčová aktivita V.2 Inovace a zkvalitnění výuky směřující k rozvoji odborných kompetencí žáků středních škol Téma II.2.1 Reals of the English speaking countries and the Czech Republic Kapitola 16 National parks Mgr. Drahomíra Pólová 30.9.2012
Obsah ÚVOD 1 1 NATIONAL PARKS IN THE USA... 2 16.1 YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK... 2 16.2 YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK... 3 16.3 GRAND CANYON NATIONAL PARK... 3 16.4 GLACIER BAY NATIONAL PARK... 3 16.5 OTHER FAMOUS PARKS... 3 16.6 EXERCISE... 4 2 DOPORUČENÁ LITERATURA... 6 3 POUŽITÁ LITERATURA A ZDROJE... 7
Úvod Výukový materiál je primárně určen pro žáky 3. a 4. ročníků čtyřletých oborů zakončených maturitní zkouškou (39-41-L/01 Autotronik, 33-42-M/01 Nábytkářská a dřevařská výroba, 23-45-M/01 Dopravní prostředky, 36-45-M/01 Technická zařízení budov, 39-41-L/002 Mechanik instalatérských a elektrotechnických zařízení budov) a 2. ročníků nástavbového studia (23-43-L/51 Provozní technika, 64-41-L/51 Podnikání), ale lze jej využít i při výuce nadanějších žáků v nižších ročnících uvedených oborů. V rámci seznámení se s problematikou reálií a života v anglicky mluvících zemí je výukový materiál vhodné použít jako podpůrný a doplňkový studijní materiál v předmětu Anglický jazyk. Jednotlivá témata korespondují s tématickými plány vypracovanými v souladu s ŠVP pro dané obory a vycházejí z požadavků RVP. Jazyková úroveň výukového materiálu je v souladu s požadavky úrovně Intermadiate - B1 (středně pokročilý) Společného evropského referenčního rámce pro jazyky. Výukový materiál seznamuje s národními parky USA. Vzdělávací materiál zahrnuje souvislý text, jenž je souhrnným představením daného tématu. Následují cvičení zaměřená na kontrolu porozumění textu nebo na další prohloubení, či rozšíření znalostí. Součástí kapitoly je rovněž kontrolní cvičení. 1
1 National parks in the USA 16.1 Yellowstone National Park Yellowstone National Park established by the U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Ulysses S. Grant on March 1, 1872, is a national park located primarily in the U.S. state of Wyoming, although it also extends into Montana and Idaho. Yellowstone, widely held to be the first national park in the world, is known for its wildlife and its many geothermal features, especially Old Faithful Geyser, one of the most popular features in the park. It has many types of ecosystems, but the subalpine forest is dominant. 2
16.2 Yosemite National Park Yosemite National Park is a United States National Park spanning eastern portions of Tuolumne, Mariposa and Madera counties in the central eastern portion of California, United States. The park covers an area of 3,080.74 km 2 and reaches across the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountain chain. Designated a World Heritage Site in 1984, Yosemite is internationally recognized for its spectacular granite cliffs, waterfalls, clear streams, Giant Sequoia groves, and biological diversity. Almost 95% of the park is designated wilderness. Yosemite is one of the largest and least fragmented habitat blocks in the Sierra Nevada, and the park supports a diversity of plants and animals. 16.3 Grand Canyon National Park Grand Canyon National Park is the United States' 15th oldest national park. Named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979, the park is located in Arizona. The park's central feature is the Grand Canyon, a gorge of the Colorado River, which is often considered one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the World. The park covers 4,926 km 2 of unincorporated area in Coconino and Mohave counties. The Grand Canyon, and its extensive system of tributary canyons, is valued for its combination of size, depth, and exposed layers of colorful rocks dating back to Precambrian times. The canyon itself was created by the incision of the Colorado River and its tributaries after the Colorado Plateau was uplifted, causing the Colorado River system to develop along its present path. 16.4 Glacier Bay National Park Glacier Bay National Park: Located in the state of Alaska, the Park is famous for its 16 flowing glaciers. A UNESCO world heritage site, the park and the adjacent Bay are also home to marine wildlife like whales, walruses and seals. 16.5 Other famous parks Denali National Park: Located in Alaska, the Denali National Park includes North America's highest peak, Mount McKinley and is famous for its bears, wolves and herds of Moose and Caribous. Canyonlands National Park: Located in Utah at the juncture of the Colorado and Green rivers, the Canyonlands National Park offers some of the most breathtaking views of the outlying canyons and gorges. 3
Arches National Park: Also located in Utah, the Arches National Park derives its name from the more than 200 natural sandstone arches created by the process of natural erosion. Everglades National Park: Located in the state of Florida, the Everglades National Park consists of a unique tropical ecosystem of a vast marshland full of saw grass and cypress trees. The national park is also home to alligators, panthers and over 300 species of birds. 16.6 Exercise Read the text and choose the correct alternative A,B,C or D for each space. The Grand Canyon The Grand Canyon is one of the most spectacular natural features on Earth. It is listed as one of the Seven Natural Wonders and (1).a United States national park in 1919. The park (2)..an area of nearly 1,900 square miles altogether. Carved (3)..the Colorado River, the Grand Canyon slices deep into the Colorado Plateau and forms one of the most (4)..landscapes in the world. Its altitudes range from about 1,200 feet above sea level to 8,803 feet. In some places the canyon is more than (5)..mile deep. Because of the great (6)..of the canyon, the park includes (7)..different physical and biological environments. The climate is varied (8).., ranging from desert to sub arctic climate. This is the same climatic variation that can (9).. between northern Mexico and central Canada. (10)..inhabitants of the Grand Canyon were the Paleo Indians. They arrived 11,000 years ago and were descendants of Asian people who (11)..to the North Američan continent at lest 25,000 years earlier, (12)..the Ice Age. It was only in 1540 that the Grand Canyon (13)..by white settlers. Up until 1963, when the Glen Canyon Dam (14).., the Colorado River moved 143 million tons of stones each year, in 1927 as much as 480 million tons. The Glen Canyon Dam finally reduced (15)..ammount of sediment transported by the river. The Colorado River (16)..its way through the whole canyon, that s 277.7 miles. 1. A) become B) has become C) became D) becomed 2. A) spreads B) covers C) extends D) stretches out 3. A) by B) with C) up D) in 4. A) scenically B) scenery C) scene D) scenic 5. A) as B) -- C) a D) the 6. A) length and depth B) long and deep C) length and deepness D lengthy and depth 7. A) many B) much C) lots D) numer of 8. A) yet B) too C) either D) also 9. A) find B) finding C) to be found D) be found 10.A) First B) First of all C) The first D) At first 11.A) migrated B) have migrated C) had migrated D) had been migrated 4
12.A) during B) while C) meanwhile D) between 13.A) discovered B) was discovered C) has been discovered D) have discovered 14.A) build B) bulit C) was building D) was bulit 15.A) an B) in C) -- D) the 16.A) cutted B) had cut C) has cut D) was cutting 5
2 Doporučená literatura 1. Mgr. Dagmar El-Hmoudová, Angličtina maturitní témata Třebíč 2006. ISBN 978-80- 86873-04-6. 2. Světlana Brendlová, Reálie anglicky mluvících zemí Praha FRAUS, 2004. ISBN 80-85784874. 3. Jana Odehnalová, Reading about theenglish-speaking countries Praha PRÁH, 2004. ISBN 80-7252-095-4. 4. Janet Borsbey,Ruth Swan, Crossing cultures, Praha INFOA, 2010. ISBN 978-80- 7240-683-8. 6
3 Použitá literatura a zdroje 1. Mgr. Dagmar El-Hmoudová, Angličtina maturitní témata Třebíč 2006. ISBN 978-80- 86873-04-6. 2. Světlana Brendlová, Reálie anglicky mluvících zemí Praha FRAUS, 2004. ISBN 80-85784874. 3. Jana Odehnalová, Reading about theenglish-speaking countries Praha PRÁH, 2004. ISBN 80-7252-095-4. 4. Janet Borsbey,Ruth Swan, Crossing cultures, Praha INFOA, 2010. ISBN 978-80- 7240-683-8. 7