h k
p i =,..., p n C C = s max p i= s i s max s i p
s i = n i (y k ȳ), n i n i i y k k bary i i k= s i = y y. x i i =,,, p G p G p = x p x, s x s G p = x x p. s h k h h h i = k p ȳ i ȳ pj i= (ȳ i ȳ) k k i = s i p p i= s i.. s i i h k h k
s r = p i= (n i )s i p i= (n i ) s L = s d s r n, s d = p p n i (ȳ i ȳ) i= [ p n = ] p i= n i n i p p i= i= n. i s r s l s R = s r + s L, r r =, 8s r, s r = sr R s R = s R R =, 8s R, X X x x s x = x i, s =, 483 x i x,
i =,..., p x s φ =, 5 s x i x φ x i < x φ, xi = x + φ x i > x + φ, x s x i x = p i= x i p, s =, 34 p (xi x ). p u X i= u X =, 5 s p. (4 p ) H H = x D = x (H), ( p+ ) H = ( p+ +) x H = x p+ H. x = x D + x H. R L = x H x D u X = R L t L;,95 (p), t L;,95 (p) ( α) T L p z ζ z z i = x i x s.
ζ ζ i = x i x, u i + ux u i i U k k = ζ z ζ z z z = z 3 3 z
z ζ z ζ ζ z = z = z = z = z =
z = 3 z = z = z = z =
u X x s V X u X x s V X
Sample standard deviation 3.5 3.5.5.5 5 3 44 5 6 98 3 6 39 6 55 45 5 3 56 34 7 3 38 43 8 8 4 89 9 Sample standard deviation.5.5 5 3 44 5 6 98 3 6 39 6 55 45 5 3 56 34 7 3 38 43 8 8 4 89 9
5 48 46 44 [N/mm ] 4 4 38 36 34 3 3 5 3 44 5 6 98 3 6 39 6 55 45 5 3 56 34 3 38 43 8 8 4 7 89 9 43 4 4 4 [N/mm ] 39 38 37 36 35 5 3 44 5 6 98 3 6 39 6 55 45 5 3 56 34 3 38 43 8 8 4 7
.5 k [-].5 5 3 44 5 6 98 3 6 39 6 55 45 5 3 56 34 3 38 43 8 8 4 7.5.5.5 h [-] -.5 - -.5-5 3 44 5 6 98 3 6 39 6 55 45 5 3 56 34 3 38 43 8 8 4 7
Average values and sample standard deviations [N/mm ] 4 4 4 39 38 37 36 35 34 5 3 44 5 6 98 3 6 39 6 55 45 5 3 56 34 3 38 43 8 8 4 7 z-score = z-score = 3 44 Average values and extended uncertainty of measurement 4 4 [N/mm ] 38 36 34 3 5 3 44 5 6 98 3 6 39 6 55 45 5 3 56 34 3 38 43 8 8 4 7 z-score = z-score = 3
5 5 34 35 36 37 38 39 4 4 4 43 [N/mm ] 8 6 z-score -score z-score / -score 4 - -4 5 3 44 5 6 98 3 6 39 6 55 45 5 3 56 34 3 38 43 8 8 4 7 ζ
z ζ z ζ
u X x s V X u X x s V X Sample standard deviation.5.45.4.35.3.5..5..5 8 89 6 98 4 9 6 34
8 7 [N/mm ] 6 5 4 3 8 89 6 98 4 9 6 34 6 5.5 [N/mm ] 5 4.5 8 89 6 98 4 9 6
.5 k [-].5 8 89 6 98 4 9 6.5.5 h [-] -.5 - -.5-8 89 6 98 4 9 6
Average values and sample standard deviations 6 5.5 [N/mm ] 5 4.5 4 z-score = z-score = 3 8 89 6 98 4 9 6 6.5 Average values and extended uncertainty of measurement 6 [N/mm ] 5.5 5 4.5 4 z-score = z-score = 3 8 89 6 98 4 9 6
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 [N/mm ] 3 z-score / -score - - -3-4 8 89 6 z-score -score 98 4 9 6 ζ
z ζ z ζ u X x s V X u X x s V X
.5 Sample standard deviation..5..5 44 8 7 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 [N/mm ] 3.3 3. 3. 3.9.8 44 8 7
.8.6.4. k [-].8.6.4. 44 8 7.5.5 h [-] -.5 - -.5 44 8 7
Average values and sample standard deviations 3.8 3.6 3.4 [N/mm ] 3. 3.8.6 44 z-score = z-score = 3 8 7 4 Average values and extended uncertainty of measurement 3.8 z-score = z-score = 3 3.6 [N/mm ] 3.4 3. 3.8 44 8 7
8 7 6 5 4 3.4.6.8 3 3. 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 4. [N/mm ] 3 z-score -score z-score / -score - - -3-4 -5 44 8 7 ζ
z ζ z ζ u X x s V X u X x s V X 3 3 3 3
Sample standard deviation 5 5 39 8 5 6 7 6 98 3 38 43 45 8 3 55 34 56 3 44 89 38 36 34 3 3 8 6 4 8 39 8 5 6 7 6 98 3 38 43 45 8 3 55 34 56 3 44 [kg/m 3 ] 89
34 3 3 8 6 [kg/m 3 ] 4 39 8 5 6 7 6 98 3 38 43 45 8 3 55 34 56 3 44.5 39 8 5 6 7 6 98 3 38 43 k [-].5 45 8 3 55 34 56 3 44
h [-].5.5.5 -.5 - -.5-39 8 5 6 7 6 98 3 38 43 45 8 3 55 34 56 3 44 Average values and sample standard deviations 3 3 z-score = z-score = 3 9 [kg/m 3 ] 8 7 6 5 4 39 8 5 6 7 6 98 3 38 43 45 8 3 55 34 56 3 44
Average values and extended uncertainty of measurement 36 34 3 z-score = z-score = 3 3 8 [kg/m 3 ] 6 4 8 6 39 8 5 6 7 6 98 3 38 43 45 8 3 55 34 56 3 44 35 3 5 5 5 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 3 [kg/m 3 ]
8 z-score -score 6 4-39 8 5 6 7 6 98 3 38 43 45 8 3 55 34 56 3 z-score / -score 44 ζ
z ζ z ζ u X x s V X u X x s V X
3 Sample standard deviation 5 5 5 4 47 8 48 6 4 3.3 3.5 3. [N/mm ] 3.5 3. 3.5 3 4 47 8 48 6
.8.6.4. k [-].8.6.4. 4 47 8 48 6.5.5 h [-] -.5 - -.5 4 47 8 48 6
3.5 3.4 4 Average values and sample standard deviations z-score = z-score = 3 3.3 [N/mm ] 3. 3. 3.9 4 47 8 48 6 3.8 3.6 4 Average values and extended uncertainty of measurement z-score = z-score = 3 3.4 [N/mm ] 3. 3.8.6 4 47 8 48 6
8 6 4.7.8.9 3 3. 3. 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 [N/mm ] 4 3 z-score -score z-score / -score - - -3 4 47 8 48 6 ζ
z ζ z ζ u X x s V X u X x s V X
. Sample standard deviation.8.6.4. 4 5 45 4 35 [-] 3 5 4 5
.8.6.4. k [-].8.6.4. 4 5.5.5 h [-] -.5-4 5
Average values and sample standard deviations 6 5 4 [-] 3 z-score = z-score = 3 4 5 6 Average values and extended uncertainty of measurement 5 4 [-] 3 z-score = z-score = 3 4 5
6 5 4 3 3 4 5 6 [-] 3 z-score -score z-score / -score - - -3 4 5 ζ
z ζ z ζ u X x s V X u X x s V X Sample standard deviation.5..5..5 6 5 98
.6.5.4 [N/mm ].3.. 6 5 98.8.6.4. k [-].8.6.4. 6 5 98
.5.5 h [-] -.5 - -.5 6 5 98 Average values and sample standard deviations.8 z-score = z-score = 3.6 [N/mm ].4..8.6 6 5 98
Average values and extended uncertainty of measurement.8 z-score = z-score = 3.6 [N/mm ].4..8.6 6 5 98 8 6 4 8 6 4.6.8..4.6.8 [N/mm ]
3 z-score -score z-score / -score - - -3 6 5 98 ζ z ζ z ζ