h k
p i =,..., p n C C = s max p i= s i s max s i p s i = n i (y k ȳ), n i n i i y k k bary i i k= s i = y y. x i i =,,, p G p G p = x p x, s x s G p = x x p. s
h k h h h i = p ȳ i ȳ (ȳi ȳ ). pj i= k k k i = s i p p i= s i. s i i h k h k s r = p i= (n i )s i p i= (n i ) s L = s d s r n, s d = p p n i (ȳi ȳ ) i= [ p n = ] p i= n i n i p p i= i= n. i s r s l s R = s r + s L,
r r =, 8s r, s r = sr R s R = s R R =, 8s R, X X x x s x = x i, s =, 483 x i x, i =,..., p x s φ =, 5 s x i x φ x i < x φ, xi = x + φ x i > x + φ, x s x i x = p i= x i p, s =, 34 p (xi x ). p u X i= u X =, 5 s p.
(4 p ) H H = x D = x (H), ( p+ ) H = ( p+ +) x H = x p+ H. x = x D + x H. R L = x H x D u X = R L t L;,95 (p), t L;,95 (p) ( α) T L p z ζ z z i = x i x s. ζ ζ i = x i x, u i + ux u i i U k k = ζ z ζ z z z = z 3 3 z
z ζ z ζ ζ z = 3 z = z = z = 3 z = z = 3 z =
z = z = 3 z = z = z = 3 z =
z =
u X x s V X u X x s V X
4.5 Sample standard deviation 4 3.5 3.5.5.5 8 53 8 59 48 56 88 86 434 84 85 84 8 4 Sample standard deviation 3.5 3.5.5.5 8 53 8 59 48 56 88 86 434 84 85 84 8
5 5 [N/mm ] 48 46 44 4 4 38 8 53 8 59 48 56 88 86 434 84 85 84 8.5 k [-].5 8 53 8 59 48 56 88 86 434 84 85 84 8
.5.5.5 h [-] -.5 - -.5-8 53 8 59 48 56 88 86 434 84 85 84 8 5 Average values and sample standard deviations 5 48 [N/mm ] 46 44 4 4 38 8 53 8 59 48 56 88 z-score = z-score = 3 86 434 84 85 84 8
Average values and extended uncertainty of measurement 55 5 z-score = z-score = 3 [N/mm ] 45 4 35 3 8 53 8 59 48 56 88 86 434 84 85 84 8 5 5 5 36 38 4 4 44 46 48 5 5 54 [N/mm ]
4 3 z-score / -score - - -3-4 -5-6 8 53 8 59 48 z-score -score 56 88 ζ 86 434 84 85 84 8 z ζ z ζ
u X x s V X u X x s V X Sample standard deviation..8.6.4. 84 54 88 543 538 544 56 54 539
8.5 8 7.5 [N/mm ] 7 6.5 6 5.5 5 84 54 88 543 538 544 56 54 539.5 k [-].5 84 54 88 543 538 544 56 54 539
.5.5 h [-] -.5 - -.5-84 54 88 543 538 544 56 54 539 Average values and sample standard deviations 8.5 8 7.5 7 [N/mm ] 6.5 6 5.5 5 4.5 84 54 88 543 538 z-score = z-score = 3 544 56 54 539
Average values and extended uncertainty of measurement 9 8 7 [N/mm ] 6 5 4 3 84 54 88 543 538 z-score = z-score = 3 544 56 54 539 4 8 6 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 [N/mm ]
3 z-score / -score - - -3-4 -5-6 -7 84 54 88 543 538 544 56 54 z-score -score 539 ζ z ζ z ζ
u X x s V X u X x s V X.4 Sample standard deviation.35.3.5..5..5 88
3.8 3.6 3.4 [N/mm ] 3. 3.8.6.4 88.8.6.4. k [-].8.6.4. 88
.5.5 h [-] -.5 - -.5 88 Average values and sample standard deviations 3.6 3.4 3. [N/mm ] 3.8.6 z-score = z-score = 3.4. 88
Average values and extended uncertainty of measurement [N/mm ] 3.6 3.4 3. 3.8.6.4. z-score = z-score = 3 88 9 8 7 6 5 4 3.5.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 [N/mm ]
3 z-score / -score - - -3-4 -5-6 -7-8 88 z-score -score ζ z ζ z ζ
u X x s V X u X x s V X 3 3 3 3
6 Sample standard deviation 4 8 6 4 8 53 8 8 84 857 85 86 48 84 56 4 38 36 34 [kg/m 3 ] 3 3 8 6 4 8 53 8 8 84 857 85 86 48 84 56
k [-].5.5 8 53 8 8 84 857 85 86 48 84 56.5.5 h [-] -.5 - -.5-8 53 8 8 84 857 85 86 48 84 56
Average values and sample standard deviations 35 34 33 [kg/m 3 ] 3 3 3 9 8 8 53 8 8 84 857 85 z-score = z-score = 3 86 48 84 56 Average values and extended uncertainty of measurement 4 38 36 34 [kg/m 3 ] 3 3 8 6 4 8 53 8 8 84 857 85 z-score = z-score = 3 86 48 84 56
8 6 4 8 6 4 7 8 9 3 3 3 33 34 35 36 [kg/m 3 ] 3 z-score -score z-score / -score - - -3 8 53 8 8 84 857 85 ζ 86 48 84 56
z ζ z ζ
u X x s V X u X x s V X 3 Sample standard deviation.5.5.5 55 54 539 538
5 45 [-] 4 35 3 55 54 539 538.5 k [-].5 55 54 539 538
.5.5 h [-] -.5 - -.5 55 54 539 538 Average values and sample standard deviations 55 5 z-score = z-score = 3 45 [-] 4 35 3 5 55 54 539 538
Average values and extended uncertainty of measurement 55 5 z-score = z-score = 3 45 [-] 4 35 3 5 55 54 539 538 8 6 4 5 3 35 4 45 5 55 6 [-]
8 6 z-score -score z-score / -score 4 - -4 55 54 539 538 ζ z ζ z ζ
u X x s V X u X x s V X Sample standard deviation.45.4.35.3.5..5..5 55 8 8 8
.4 Sample standard deviation.35.3.5..5..5 55 8 8 8.5 [N/mm ].5.5 55 8 8 8
k [-].5.5 55 8 8 8.5.5 h [-] -.5 - -.5-55 8 8 8
Average values and sample standard deviations 3.5 z-score = z-score = 3 [N/mm ].5.5 55 8 8 8 3 Average values and extended uncertainty of measurement.5 z-score = z-score = 3 [N/mm ].5.5 55 8 8 8
8 6 4 8 6 4 - -.5.5.5.5 3 3.5 [N/mm ] 8 6 z-score -score 4 z-score / -score - -4-6 -8 55 8 8 8 ζ
z ζ z ζ