SUBSTRUCTURES underground structures

Transkript

1 SUBSTRUCTURES underground structures

2 FUNCTION AND REQUIREMENTS Static function substructure transfers the load to the foundation soil: vertical loading from upper stucture horizontal reaction of upper structure (wind loading) horní stavba earth pressure of the surrounding soil spodní stavba FUNKCE A POŽADAVKY statická funkce

3 Waterproofing and radon protection structural design of the substructure is always directly linked to the issue of building waterproofing and protection of the environment from the effects of aggressive water, radon, etc. problem of waterproofing solutions in the passage of underground pipeline (water supply, sewerage, gas, electricity, etc.) problem of additional ensurance of the waterproofing function in the reconstructed objects FUNKCE A POŽADAVKY hydroizolační a protiradonová ochrana

4 Thermal protection protection of underground floor in parts above the ground or below the surrounding terrain requirements are specified in ČSN : - The ceiling of the underground - depending on the temperature difference - Part of the underground floors jutting above the ground - Basement walls and floor in contact with the ground additional insulation underground in case of reconstruction FUNKCE A POŽADAVKY tepelně technická ochrana

5 Requirements for daylighting and ventilation of underground floors Structures of lighting and ventilation shafts Operational and functional requirements access to the underground from the building and the external environment (stairs and elevators) access for goods (coal)) FUNKCE A POŽADAVKY

6 Structural solution static effect of the basement walls and its structural solution depends on: - structure of the ceiling and basement wall (horizontal rigid / non-rigid ceiling) - - detail of supporting the heel against a shift from horizontal forces - the vertical load-bearing structures - the size of the vertical load on the basement walls allowing for the reduction of tensile stresses from bending - the requirements for daylighting of underground spaces PRINCIPLES

7 cantilever action - Static problematic, large dimension - Use only in well-justified cases, structures with non-solid ceilings or in cases where the ceiling is missing gravitational system - Can be used with gravity acting primarily masonry wall systems - Need to assess the stability problem PRINCIPLES

8 - Monolithic (vertically or horizontally stressed slab or ribbed walls - Prefabricated (basement panels vertical or horizontal) vertical tension structure slabs, ribs - Can be used in the case of solid ceilings - limited possibility of daylighting underground horizontal stress design - slabs, ribs - Suitable for smaller modular span of vertical structure (distance columns or walls - Advantageous in the case of lighting needs continuous belt basement floor window

9 basement walls SUTERÉNNÍ STĚNY

10 Monolithic concrete underground walls SUTERÉNNÍ STĚNY

11 Prefabricated RC underground walls PREFABRIKOVANÉ SUTERÉNY

12 Prefabricated construction

13 Construction of basement

14 construction pit - securing

15 - based on a common support structure - cantilevered from the supporting underground structure OSVĚTLOVACÍ A VĚTRACÍ ŠACHTY

16 - structure with expansion joint - plastic shell elements of lighting and ventilation shafts fixed to the supporting underground structure OSVĚTLOVACÍ A VĚTRACÍ ŠACHTY konstrukčně statické řešení

17 Light shafts (skylight) OSVĚTLOVACÍ ŠACHTY

18 OSVĚTLOVACÍ ŠACHTY

19 Plastic basement lighting and ventilation shafts

20 PLASTIC BASEMENT SHAFTS grate walkable or mobile plastic shaft odtok

21 Methods of instalation SKLEPNÍ SVĚTLÍKY

22 MEA ventilation shafts - assembling SKLEPNÍ SVĚTLÍKY MEA

23 SKLEPNÍ SVĚTLÍKY MEA

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26 Assembly of ventilation shaft grate Fixing screw Ventilation shaft Waterproofing f the wall