ANALYSIS OF INTRAVITAL ASSESSMENT RESULTS IN PUREBRED AND CROSSBRED BOARS

ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS SBORNÍK MENDELOVY ZEMĚDĚLSKÉ A LESNICKÉ UNIVERZITY V BRNĚ Ročník LIII 9 Čílo 4, 2005 ANALYSIS OF INTRAVITAL ASSESSMENT RESULTS IN PUREBRED AND CROSSBRED BOARS W. Milewka, J. Falkowki, M. Čechová Received: May 6, 2005 Abtract MILEWSKA, W., FALKOWSKI, J., ČECHOVÁ, M.: Analyi of intravital aement reult in purebred and crobred boar. Acta univ. agric. et ilvic. Mendel. Brun., 2005, LIII, No. 4, pp. 8186 1879 purebred boar: Duroc (D), Hamphire (H) and Pietrain (Pn) a well a their twocrobred (D H, H D, Pn H, H Pn, Pn D, D Pn) were analyed after a living aement completed between 1995 1998 within the area of activity of the Animal Breeding Station in Olztyn. The tandardized daily gain in body weight ranged between 594 g (H) and 628 g (Pn D). The thinnet backfat layer wa oberved in Pietrain boar and their crobred boar. The height of loin eye wa the bet for boar Pn and for all crobred animal. The lean content in the body of the aeed boar ranged from 56.2% (H) to 60.0% (Pn). The highet value of election inde wa found for Pn boar (124 point) and crobred boar Pn D and Pn H, the lowet inde value wa oberved for purebred H boar (109 point). The correlation coefficient between the inde and daily gain range from 0.69 (P 0.01) (H) to 0.91 (P 0.01) (H D), between the inde and the height of loin eye range from 0.57 (P 0.01) (H) to 0.75 (P 0.01) (Pn) and between the inde and the lean content range from 0.13 (P 0.05) (H) to 0.71 (P 0.01) (Pn). purebred and hybrid boar, daily gain, backfat, lean content Not only directed breeding work but alo the proper tranfer of the achievement in breeding to production pig farm are important for an increae in lean content in the Polih wine livetock (Rozycki, 1999). According to Polih regulation, for everal year now crobred boar from purebred male have been accepted in trade, however, not many puplication have been publihed on the analyi of their fattening and lean performance (Czarnecki et al., 1999). Čechová et al. (2002) and Sládek et al. (2003) evaluated reult of fattening ability and carca value in pig after hybrid boar Pn H or D H too. Pulkrábek et al. (1996) and Kernerová et al. (1996) mention the reult of production trait tet in offpring after pure bred boar Duroc and Hamphire. Thi paper include an analyi of intravital aement reult in Duroc, Hamphire and Pietrain purebred and their twocrobred boar. MATERiAL AND METHODS The analyi included the reult of 1879 purebred boar: Duroc (D), Hamphire (H) and Pietrain (Pn) a well a their twocrobred (D H, H D, Pn H, H Pn, Pn D, D Pn) obtained after a living aement completed between 1995 1998 within the area of activity of the Animal Breeding Station in Olztyn. The aement wa carried out according to the obligatory methodology Eckert, Szyndler (1996) and the election inde wa calculated including tandardized daily gain in body weight (a for day 180 of boar life) and the body lean content. Backfat thickne at P2 and P4 (mm) and height of loin eye at P4M (mm) were meaured with a PIGLOG 105 ultraound apparatu. The meaurement reult were ued for lean content in boar body (%). The reult were tatitically proceed with the ue of a onefactor variance analyi. The ignificance of 81

82 W. Milewka, J. Falkowki, M. Čechová the difference between the genetic group were calculated with the Duncan tet. Moreover, correlation coefficient (r) between the election inde and boar trait (ued for calculation of the inde) were calculated. RESULTS The data included in Table I how that the tandardized daily gain in body weight (a for day 180 of boar life) ranged between 594 g (H) and 628 g (Pn D). Among the purebred animal boar D had better reult than H or Pn (P < 0.01), however, lightly lower than the average calculated for all the aeed Duroc boar in 1998 in Poland by Bzowka et al. (1999) and the reult reported by Grudniewka, Milewka (2000). Grudniewka et al. (2000) found 35 g higher gain in Pietrain boar than in thi paper. It hould be emphaized that all the aeed crobred boar had better gain in body weight than the purebred animal. Thi agree with the reult of other author (Czarnecki et al., 1999; Czarnecki et al., 1999; Eckert, Žak, 1999). The gain in crobred boar Pn D were ignificantly higher than thoe of other group (Graph 1). Backfat layer at P2 for all group wa thicker than at P4. The thinnet backfat layer (le than l0 mm) wa oberved in Pietrain boar and their crobred boar and the difference between group were tatitically ignificant (P < 0.01). Thee reult are in agreement with the reult of other author (Bobček, Řeháček, 2000; Michalka, Nowachowicz, 2000; Rozycki, 1999). Alo the height of loin eye wa the bet for boar Pn and for all crobred animal. However, the purebred Duroc and Hamphire animal had the wort reult of thi trait in comparion to the other group (P < 0.01). The lean content in the body of the aeed boar wa high and on average ranged from 56.2% (H) to 60.0% (Pn). The thicket backfat and the lowet height of loin eye in Hamphire boar were reponible for the lowet lean content in their body (Graph 1), wherea the Pietrain crobred boar howed better leanne in comparion to the animal of other croe. Baed on the reult obtained by German (Brandt, 2000) the difference in lean content between boar Pn and Pn H wa only 0.5 0.6%. In thi paper, however, thi difference wa higher (1.1%) and tatitically ignificant (P < 0.01). Czarnecki et al. (1999) reported a imilar lean content in boar Pn, D Pn and Pn D but lightly lower in boar D (55%). The highet value of election inde wa found for Pietrain boar (124 point) and crobred boar Pn D and Pn H. Eckert, Žak (1999) claimed that Pietrain ow crobred with Duroc boar produce more valuable boar than boar being the reult of Pietrain ow crobred with Hamphire boar. The lowet inde value wa oberved for purebred Hamphire boar (109 point). Thee reult, however, give evidence for high breeding value. In 1998 boar with the inde of 117 and higher point were qualified to cla E and animal with the inde of between 108 and 116 point were claified to cla I. Comparing the reult of the aement of crobred animal: D H, H D, Pn H, H Pn, Pn D and D Pn it can be claimed that only in the cae of crobreeding Duroc with Pietrain, more advantageou effect were obtained when ow wa Pietrain. In the other variation the difference were inignificant. Genetic ditance between Pietrain and Duroc breed i mall (Janik et al., 1996), but their crobreeding may give good effect mainly in the improvement of growth rate and meat quality in crobred animal thank to Duroc genetic contribution (Falkowki, Milewka, 2000; Rozycki, 1999). The correlation between the election inde and the fattening (tandardized daily gain in body weight) and leanne (backfat thickne, height of loin eye, lean content) performance trait were preented in Table II. Milewka, Grudniewka (1999) mention that the election inde of intravital aement i to a larger degree correlated with daily gain in boar body weight than with the lean content. Similar reult report Michalka, Nowachowicz (2000). The correlation coefficient between the inde and daily gain range from 0.69 (P 0.01) (H) to 0.91 (P 0.01) (H D), between the inde and the height of loin eye range from 0.57 (P 0.01) (H) to 0.75 (P 0.01) (Pn) and between the inde and the lean content range from 0.13 (P 0.05) (H) to 0.71 (P 0.01) (Pn). The correlation between the inde and the backfat in purebred boar D, Pn and crobred boar Pn D and D Pn are negative and highly ignificant. Concluion The bet reult in repect of the fattening performance were found for boar being the offpring of Pietrain mother and Duroc father, however, in repect of the leanne performance purebred Pietrain boar and Pietrain crobred boar. Highly ignificant correlation between the inde value of intravital aement and the tandardized daily gain indicate that the boar breeding value aeed thi way i a ufficient election criterion.

Analyi of intravital aement reult in purebred and crobred boar 83 1: Standardized daily gain (g) and meat content (%) in the boar body

84 W. Milewka, J. Falkowki, M. Čechová I: Reult of boar intravital aement Stand. daily gain (g) Trait Statitic Backfat thickne at P2 (mm) Backfat thickne at P4 (mm) Height of loin eye at P4M (mm) Lean content in body (%) Selection inde (point) D n = 241 608 BE 55 10.8 B 2.2 9.9 BC 2.3 45.9 HJ 3.4 57.1 H 2.0 115 F 12 H n = 153 594 DEFHc 70 1 A 2.7 11.3 A 2.6 46.1 H 3.4 56.2 I 2.3 109 G 9 Pn n = 1898 597 DDGb 61 8.8 I 1.5 8.5 I 1.5 5 A 5.4 60.0 A 124 AH 14 D H n = 117 610 BGH 62 10.5 BD 9.8 BD 1.9 49.1 BC 4.3 58.1 DF 119 BC 13 P 0.05 a,b P 0.0l A,B Mean within row denoted by different letter differ ignificantly Genotype ( ) H D n = 66 613 a 71 10.8 BC 10.3 B 2.0 49.0 BF 5.1 57.7 FGH 1.5 118 BEF 14 Pn H n = 96 609 BD 59 9.7 EG 9.3 DE 1.3 50.3 B 4.3 58.9 BC 1.4 122 ACEH 11 H Pn n = 419 606 BF 48 9.6 EH 9.2 EF 49.0 BE 3.8 58.7 B 120 BD 8 Pn D n = 207 628 A 54 9.9 E 1.9 9.2 EG 49.1 BD 4.5 58.6 BD 124 A 12 D Pn n = 974 609 BC 45 9.8 EF 9.2 EH 48.8 CDEFG 4.1 58.6 BE 120 B 10

Analyi of intravital aement reult in purebred and crobred boar 85 II: Correlation coefficient between election inde and trait of boar Genotype n Stand. daily gain Backfat thickne at P2 Trait Backfat thickne at P4 Height of loin eye at P4M Lean content in body D 241 0.76 ** 0.35 ** 0.37 ** 0.68 ** 0.63 ** H 153 0.69 ** 0.09 0.06 0.57 ** 0.13 * Pn 1898 0.89 ** 0.14 ** 0.18 ** 0.75 ** 0.71 ** D H 117 0.87 ** 0.12 0.09 0.74 ** 0.58 ** H D 66 0.91 ** 0.04 0.02 0.68 ** 0.56 ** Pn H 96 0.87 ** 0.06 0.05 0.66 ** 0.44 ** H Pn 419 0.72 ** 0.05 0.07 0.58 ** 0.39 ** Pn D 207 0.84 ** 0.26 ** 0.31 ** 0.68 ** 0.67 ** D Pn 974 0.79 ** 0.29 ** 0.30 ** 0.66 ** 0.67 ** * P 0.05 ** P 0.01

86 W. Milewka, J. Falkowki, M. Čechová SOUHRN Analýza výledků intravitálního odhadu u čitokrevných a hybridních kanců Celkem 1879 čitokrevných kanců plemene Duroc (D), Hamphire (H) a Pietrain (Pn) a jejich kříženců (D H, H D, Pn H, H Pn, Pn D, D Pn) bylo analyzováno po ukončení tetace vlatní užitkovoti v letech 1995 1998 na tanici chovu zvířat v Olztyně. Průměrný denní přírůtek e pohyboval od 594 g (H) do 628 g (Pn D). Nejnižší vrtva hřbetního tuku byla zjištěna u kanců plemene Pietrain a kříženců tohoto plemene. Také výška nejdelšího zádového valu byla nejlepší u kanců plemene Pietrain a u kříženců. Podíl libového maa ledovaných kanců e pohyboval od 56,2 % (H) do 60,0 % (Pn). Nejvyšší hodnota elekčního indeu byla zjištěna u kanců plemene Pietrain (124 bodů) a kříženců Pn D a Pn H, nejnižší u kanců plemene Hamphire (109 bodů). Koeficienty korelace mezi indeem a denním přírůtkem e pohybovaly od 0,69 (P 0,01) (H) do 0,91 (P 0,01) (H D), mezi indeem a výškou valu od 0,57 (P 0,01) (H) do 0,75 (P 0,01) (Pn) a mezi indeem a procentem libového maa od 0,13 (P 0,05) (H) do 0,71 (P 0,01) (Pn). čitokrevní a hybridní kanci, denní přírůtek, hřbetní tuk, podíl libového maa Reference Bobček, B., Řeháček P.: Biul. Nauk., 2000, UWM 7: 2731 Brandt, H.: Materialy na konferencji naukowe Mięnoć wiń w Polce dokonalenie i ocena 3031.V.2000r. Jatrzębiec. 2000. 1. 1516. Bzowka, M., Ptak, L., Marciniak, M.: Wyniki oceny trzody chlewnej w 1998 roku. 1999, CSHZ, Warzawa. Czarnecki, R., Rozycki, M., Kamyczek, M., Kawecka, M., Owianny, J., Pietruzka, A.: Materialy na Międzyn. Konf. Nauk. Aktualne problemy w produkcji trzody chlewnej Olztyn, 6 maja. 1999. 82. Czarnecki, R., Rozycki, M., Udala, J., Kawęcka, M., Kamyczek, M., Pietruzka, A., Delikator, B.: Rocz. Nauk. Zoot., Supl., 3 (1999) 105110. Čechová, M., Sládek, L., Mikule, V., Marková, E., Vařák, J.: Některé faktory ovlivňující porodní hmotnot elat. Chov praat na prahu 3.tiíciletí. Kotelec nad Orlicí. 2002,. 2022. Eckert, R., Szyndler, M.: Stan hodowli i wyniki oceny wiń w 1995. Intytut Zootechniki Kraków. 1996. 4168. Eckert, R., Zak, G.: Materialy na Międzyn. Konf. Nauk. Aktualne problemy w produkcji trzody chlewnej Olztyn, 6 maja. 1999. 49. Falkowki, J., Milewka, W. : Pot. Nauk Rol. 1998.4: 89102. Grudniewka, B., Milewka, W.: Zez. Nauk. PTZ 2000. 48: 5968. Grudniewka, B., Milewka, W., Eljaiak, J., Lewczuk, A: Zez. Nauk. PTZ 2000. 48: 5158. Janik, A, Rychlik, T., Orzechowka, B., Kamyczek, M., Pary, A: Rocz. Nauk. Zoot 1996. 23(3): 916. Kernerová, N., Matoušek, V.,Václavovký, J., Vejčík, A.: Hodnocení produkce maa u praat různými metodami. In.: Aktuální problémy šlechtění, zdraví, růtu a produkce praat. Čeké Budějovice, 1996,.6263. Michalka, G., Nowachowicz, J., Kocian, M.: Zez. Nauk. PTZ 2000, 48: 257264. Michalka, G., Nowachowicz, J.: Materialy na Konf. Nauk. Mięnoć wiń w Polce dokonalenie i ocena. 3031.5.2000. Jatrzębiec. 2000. 2. 109122. Milewka, W., Grudniewka, B.: Materialy na Miedzyn. Konf. Nauk. Aktualne problemy w produkcji trzody chlewnej, Olztyn, 6 maja 1999. 97. Pulkrábek, J., Pavlík, J., Smítal, J., Fiedler, J.: Složení jatečných těl praat některých otcovkých plemen. Chov praat ve 3.tiíciletí. Kotelec nad Orlicí. 2002,. 7274. Rózycki, M.: Dokonalenie mięnoći ra wiń hodowłanych w Polce. Rocz. Nauk. Zoot. 1999. 3: 5563. Addre Dr. Wanda Milewka, Prof. Dr. hab. Januz Falkowki, Uniwerytet WarmińkoMazurki w Olztynie, Wydzial bioinzynierii zwierzat, Katedra Hodowli Trzody Chlewnej, ul. Oczapowkiego 5, 10719 OlztynKortowo, Polka, Doc. Ing. Marie Čechová, CSc., Útav chovu a šlechtění zvířat, Mendelova zemědělká a lenická univerzita v Brně, Zemědělká 1, 613 00 Brno, Čeká republika